Issued by India

Issued on Nov 25, 2025

Issued for : Department of Posts is proud to release a commemorative postage stamp on 350^th Martyrdom Day of Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji.

Credits :
Stamp/FDC/Brochure/Cancellation Cachet : Ms. Nenu Gupta

Type : Stamp, Mint Condition

Colour : Multi Colour

Denomination : 500 Paise

Stamps Printed : 303300

Printing Process : Wet Offset

Printer : Security Printing Press, Hyderabad

Name : Tyag Mal

Born on 1 Apr, 1621 at Amritsar, Punjab, India

Died on 24 Nov, 1675 at Delhi, Mughal India

About : 

• Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji was born on April 1, 1621, in Amritsar, the son of Sri Guru Hargobind Sahib ji and Mata Nanaki, and was named Tyag Mal at birth. He later became the ninth Guru of the Sikhs and was known as Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji. From childhood, Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji was trained in martial arts, swordsmanship, and horsemanship. In the Battle of Kartarpur (1635), fought between the Sikhs and the Mughals, Guru Sahib displayed exceptional bravery and remarkable swordsmanship. Pleased with his bravery, his father, Sri Guru Hargobind ji, bestowed upon him the title of “Tegh Bahadur”.
• On November 24, 1675, Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur ji was publicly executed in Delhi on the orders of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb for opposing forced conversions and defending religious freedom. Gurdwara Sisganj Sahib in Chandni Chowk, Delhi, is the site of Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji’s supreme martyrdom. This year marks the 350^th anniversary of that supreme martyrdom. On this occasion, it is time to reaffirm the values that empower interfaith dialogue, civic consciousness, and our shared cultural unity. In this sense, Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji is an eternal source of inspiration for India’s cultural soul.
• Text : Based on the content provided by Ministry of Culture.

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Issued by India

Issued on Nov 7, 2025

Issued for : It is an honor for the Department of Posts to release a Commemorative Postage Stamp on 150 years of Vande Mataram, celebrating its enduring legacy as a hymn of patriotism and a unifying force that continues to inspire generations of Indians.

Credits :
Stamp/FDC/Brochure/Cancellation Cachet : Shri Sankha Samanta

Type : Stamp, Mint Condition

Colour : Multi Colour

Denomination : 500 Paise

Stamps Printed : 303300

Printing Process : Wet Offset

Printer : Security Printing Press, Hyderabad

About : 

• The song Vande Mataram was composed by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay in the mid-1870s, a time when India’s freedom struggle was gaining momentum. It is believed that the song was composed during the auspicious occasion of Akshaya Navami on 7^th November 1875. It first appeared in Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay’s literary journal Bangadarshan and was later included in his novel Anandamath (1882).
• The song was written during a period of growing national consciousness and it invoked the Motherland as a symbol of strength, prosperity, and divinity, giving poetic expression to India’s awakening spirit of unity and self-respect. The song became popular among the masses after Gurudev Rabindranath Tagore gave it voice at the 1896 session of the Indian National Congress. The song became a rallying cry of the Swadeshi Movement following the partition of Bengal in 1905, uniting people across regions and inspiring countless patriots. The song’s emotional and spiritual resonance made it an enduring symbol of India’s nationalist movement. During the freedom struggle, Vande Mataram became a source of collective inspiration, instilling in the people a deep sense of patriotism and cultural pride. It served as a unifying anthem that brought together countless Indians in their quest for independence and national dignity.
• On 24^th January 1950, while announcing the adoption of the Constitution, Dr Rajendra Prasad, the first President of India, declared that Vande Mataram, which had played a historic role in the freedom struggle, would be honoured as the National Song. Since then, the song has been a symbol of national pride, unity, and the indomitable spirit of India’s freedom and cultural heritage.
• As the nation marks the 150^th anniversary of Vande Mataram in 2025, nationwide celebrations are being organised to commemorate its legacy and reaffirm the timeless ideals of unity, sacrifice, and love for the Motherland.
• Text : As per the content provided by the Ministry of Culture.

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Issued by India

Issued on Aug 2, 2025

Issued for : The Department of Posts is proud to release a commemorative postage stamp celebrating the life and legacy of Purshottamdas H. Purohit. This stamp is a tribute to his remarkable journey from humble beginnings to becoming a beacon of hope, resilience, and nation-building.

Credits :
Stamp/FDC/Brochure/Cancellation Cachet : Ms. Nenu Gupta

Type : Stamp, Mint Condition

Colour : Multi Colour

Denomination : 500 Paise

Stamps Printed : 304950

Printing Process : Wet Offset

Printer : Security Printing Press, Hyderabad

Name : Purshottamdas H. Purohit

Born on 2 Aug, 1920 at Basant, Pali district, Rajasthan, India

Died on —

About : 

• Purshottamdas H. Purohit was a karmayogi, an unsung freedom fighter, a visionary entrepreneur, and a devoted philanthropist. He was a man who lived a life devoted to hard work and selfless service to all sections of society.
• He was born on August 2, 1920, into a Rajpurohit (Brahmin) family in Basant, Pali, Rajasthan. He lost his father at the age of three and was raised by his mother. Due to limited resources for farming, he moved to Mumbai at the tender age of ten in search of a livelihood. Through dedication and hard work, he eventually earned recognition as a noted chef.
• His exceptional culinary skills were acknowledged when he was chosen to accompany his employers as head chef on a business tour to Europe in 1939. This tour, originally brief, was extended to four years due to the outbreak of World War II. His travels through countries such as Italy, England, France, Austria and Germany broadened his worldview, though he remained deeply connected to his roots.
• During his time in Europe, he met his hero, Bharat Ratna Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose and became affiliated with the Azad Hind movement. His growing involvement led him to become a trusted confidant of Netaji. He played a discreet yet vital role in the movement, seeing it as his duty to the Nation. The story of India’s freedom is built on the silent sacrifices of heroes like him.
• After independence, he started a modest lodging and boarding venture in Mumbai, which he developed into the renowned Adarsh Group of Hotels. This included Adarsh Lodge, Adarsh Hotel, Adarsh Palace, Adarsh Mahal and Adarsh Baug. As a visionary entrepreneur, he created employment opportunities in both Mumbai and Rajasthan, promoting economic growth and improving lives. His commitment to service and excellence earned him loyal clients from diverse communities.
• He channelled his energy and resources towards the upliftment of society, particularly the underprivileged. Whether responding to natural disasters such as floods and droughts or offering support during periods of social unrest, he consistently extended help. He also collaborated actively with Government bodies, including the Municipal Corporation, Police, and the Maharashtra Housing and Area Development Authority.
• Greatly inspired by the ideologies of Bharat Ratna Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Bharat Ratna Lal Bahadur Shastri, he celebrated ‘Shastri Jayanti’ each year at Adarsh Hotel. Recognising his commitment to social welfare, the Government of Maharashtra appointed him Justice of the Peace and Special Executive Magistrate.
• Although he could not pursue formal education, he was a strong advocate of educating the younger generation. To advance this cause, he contributed towards building a hostel in Falna, Rajasthan, offering a safe and encouraging environment for students. He also provided financial assistance to many aspiring learners.
• In 1989, he founded the P. H. Purohit (Rawat Singh) Charitable Trust. Today, the trust continues to operate following his values.
• Text : Referenced from content provided by the Proponent.

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Issued by India

Issued on Jul 13, 2025

Issued for : The Department of Posts is proud to release a commemorative postage stamp on Chandrabhanu Gupta, who dedicated his entire life to the service of the country, the state, and society. This stamp stands as a tribute to a great patriot, distinguished politician, and committed social worker. From his active participation in the freedom struggle to his visionary leadership as the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, Chandrabhanu Gupta’s contributions reflect a life devoted to public welfare, integrity, and progressive ideals.

Credits :
Stamp/FDC/Brochure/Cancellation Cachet : Ms Priya Pandey

Type : Stamp, Mint Condition

Colour : Multi Colour

Denomination : 500 Paise

Stamps Printed : 302852

Printing Process : Wet Offset

Printer : Security Printing Press, Hyderabad

Name : Chandra Bhanu Gupta

Born on 14 Jul, 1902 at Bijauli, United Provinces of Agra and Oudh, British India [now in Aligarh district, Uttar Pradesh, India]

Died on 11 Mar, 1980 at New Delhi, India

About : 

• A great freedom fighter, a sharp politician, and former Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, Chandrabhanu Gupta, who had pleaded as an advocate on behalf of the revolutionaries in the Kakori Train Action Case, established the Motilal Memorial Society in 1935 and the Bharat Seva Sansthan in 1964 in the state capital, Lucknow. Both institutions continue to play a leading role in promoting education, healthcare, and culture for all sections of society in Lucknow and other districts.
• Chandrabhanu Gupta was born on July 14, 1902 in Bijauli village of Aligarh District. He received his early education in Lakhimpur district and pursued higher education (MA in Political Science and LLB) from Lucknow University.
• On 14 April, 1930, the City Magistrate of Lucknow sentenced Mohan Lal Saxena and Chandrabhanu Gupta under Section 117 of the Criminal Procedure Code for leading the movement to break the salt law in Lucknow. They were sentenced to one and a half years of imprisonment. However, due to the personal interest taken by the President of the Awadh Bar Association, George Jackson, an Englishman who argued on the application on behalf of the association, their sentence was reduced to six months. After being imprisoned in Lucknow Jail for some time, Chandrabhanu Gupta was transferred to Ghazipur Jail, where he was eventually released.
• Chandrabhanu Gupta was elected as a member of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly in the years 1937, 1946, 1952, 1961, 1962, 1967, and 1969. He also served as a member of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council from 1960 to 1961 and held various Cabinet Ministerial posts in the Uttar Pradesh Government between 1947 and 1959. He became the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh for the first time on 7 December 1960 and served in the role four times until 1970. He passed away on 11 March 1980.
• Chandrabhanu Gupta played a prominent role in India’s freedom struggle. He was a man of strong character, loyal, an efficient administrator, and a visionary leader. He valued new ideas and technology more than material wealth.
• Text : Referenced from content provided by Proponent.

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Issued by India

Issued on Nov 15, 2024

Issued for : To commemorate the 150^th birth anniversary of Birsa Munda, Department of Posts is proud to release a Commemorative Postage Stamp to honor his profound contributions as a tribal leader and freedom fighter. This initiative recognizes his pivotal role in advocating for the rights of indigenous people and his enduring legacy in India’s struggle against colonial oppression. By highlighting his vision for social justice and empowerment, this stamp aims to inspire future generations to uphold his ideals of resilience and unity among tribal communities.

Credits :
Stamp / FDC / Brochure / Cancellation Cachet : Shri Sankha Samanta

Type : Stamp, Mint Condition

Colour : Multi Colour

Denomination : 500 Paise

Stamps Printed : 202800

Printing Process : Wet Offset

Printer : Security Printing Press, Hyderabad

Name : Birsa Munda

Born on 15 Nov, 1875 at Ulihatu, Khunti district, Jharkhand, India

Died on 9 Jun, 1900 at Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

About : 

• Birsa Munda, born on November 15, 1875, in Ulihatu, Bihar (now in Jharkhand), was a prominent tribal leader and a key figure in India’s struggle against British colonial rule. Revered as a folk hero, Birsa Munda’s life and legacy represent the fight for the rights of indigenous people, and his contributions have made him an iconic figure in Indian history. Birsa Munda belonged to the Munda tribe, one of the indigenous communities in the Chotanagpur Plateau region. Growing up in a family of traditional agriculturalists, he was steeped in the customs and traditions of his tribe, which instilled in him a deep sense of identity and belonging.
• In his formative years, Birsa experienced the oppressive policies of British colonialism and the exploitation of tribal lands by moneylenders and landlords. The loss of tribal rights and land, along with the forced conversion of tribal people to Christianity by missionaries, fueled his awareness of the injustices faced by his community. Birsa’s spiritual journey began at a young age, marked by an increasing interest in religion and spirituality. He became a follower of the Birsait sect, which emphasized the worship of a single God and sought to reclaim the tribal way of life from external influences. His charismatic personality and oratory skills helped him attract a following among the tribal communities.
• In 1894, Birsa proclaimed himself a prophet and claimed to have a divine mission to liberate his people. He encouraged his followers to abandon the practices imposed by outsiders and return to their traditional beliefs. This spiritual awakening was a critical aspect of his leadership, as it not only unified the tribes but also instilled a sense of hope and resistance against colonial rule.
• Birsa’s most significant contribution was his leadership of the Ulgulan, or the “Great Rebellion” from 1899 to 1900. This movement aimed to establish Munda Raj and expel British officials and zamindars (landlords) from the region. Birsa’s call to arms resonated deeply with the tribal people, who had long suffered under oppressive systems. The Ulgulan was not merely a rebellion; it was a socio-political movement that sought to restore the rights of the Munda tribe over their ancestral lands. Birsa and his followers organized protests, raised awareness about their rights, and mobilized the community to resist exploitation. The movement gained momentum, with thousands joining in the struggle.
• Birsa’s message emphasized self-governance, land rights, and the revival of tribal identity. He sought to reclaim the land that had been taken from the tribals and to establish a government run by and for the tribal people. His vision was clear: a society based on equality and justice. The growing influence of Birsa Munda and the Ulgulan movement alarmed the British authorities, who responded with a violent crackdown. Despite brutal repression, Birsa continued to inspire his followers with his unwavering resolve. He was eventually captured in February 1900 and imprisoned, tragically dying in custody on June 9, 1900, at the young age of 25. His untimely death did not mark the end of his legacy; rather, it cemented his status as a martyr and symbol of resistance.
• Birsa Munda’s life and struggle left an indelible mark on the tribal communities of India. His efforts to empower indigenous people and assert their rights have made him a revered figure not only in Jharkhand but across India. His teachings continue to resonate, emphasizing self-determination and justice. Birsa Munda’s legacy is celebrated through various cultural and educational initiatives. His birth anniversary is observed as “Birsa Munda Jayanti” a public holiday in Jharkhand and other states, honouring his contributions to the tribal movement. Statues and memorials dedicated to him serve as reminders of his struggle and ideals.
• In contemporary India, Birsa Munda’s legacy has gained renewed significance as the rights of tribal populations are increasingly recognized. His vision of a just society continues to inspire movements advocating for the rights of indigenous people and environmental conservation. Many activists and organizations draw upon his teachings to address modern issues of land rights, social justice, and cultural preservation. Birsa Munda remains an enduring symbol of resistance against oppression and exploitation. His life, though short, was marked by a profound commitment to the rights of his people and a vision for a just society. As a tribal leader, he not only challenged colonial rule but also revitalized tribal identity and culture, leaving behind a legacy that continues to inspire future generations.
• In a world grappling with issues of inequality and injustice, Birsa Munda’s story serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of standing up for one’s rights and the enduring spirit of resilience in the face of adversity. His contributions to the freedom struggle and the empowerment of indigenous communities are celebrated, ensuring that his legacy as a hero of the tribal people will endure for generations to come.
• Text : Based on information received from Ministry of Culture.

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Issued by India

Issued on Feb 23, 2024

Issued for : Department of Posts is delighted to issue a Commemorative Postage Stamp on Sarangadhar Das known as Gadjat Gandhi and appreciates his contribution to social reformist ideas and value his important role in political world as well as in evolution of industries.

Credits :
Stamp/FDC/Brochure/Cancellation Cachet : Smt. Neenu Gupta

Type : Stamp, Mint Condition

Colour : Multi Colour

Denomination : 500 Paise

Stamps Printed : 201600

Printing Process : Wet Offset

Printer : Security Printing Press, Hyderabad

Name : Sarangadhar Das

Born on 17 Oct, 1826 at Harekrushnapur, Dhenkanal [then princely state], British India [now in Odisha, India]

Died on 18 Sep, 1957 at Cuttack, Odisha, India

About : 

• Sarangadhar Das, was a revolutionary, a scientist par excellence, a Parliamentarian and a prolific writer. He was popularly known as ‘Gadjat Gandhi’ for his role in the Prajamandal Movement in various Princely States of Odisha.
• Born on 17^th October 1886 at Harekrushnapur, Dhenkanal, Odisha, he did his matriculation from Dhenkanal Garh High School and B.Sc. from Ravenshaw College, Cuttack. For higher studies, he studied Chemistry at Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan. He also studied Sugar Technology at the University of California, Berkeley. He left for heavenly abode on 18^th September 1957.
• Sarangadhar struggled hard after his father’s death when he was 11. However, his mother encouraged him to pursue his studies. The aim of Sarangadhar was not to join in Government Service but to establish Industry. He had a dream, to make India an industrially developed country.
• After completing his study, he planned to set up a sugar industry in Dhenkanal. But, the then king of Dhenkanal, Shankar Pratap wanted to exterminate the sugar factory, created all obstacles, and destroyed the factory. Sarangadhar’s mission failed and he realized that it was impossible to develop industry in Dhenkanal without the abolition of the king’s rule. So, he thought of a revolution and that was translated into the Gadjat Movement.
• He established an institution, ‘Praja Samilani’ and encouraged the local leaders to form the Prajamandal committee and to revolt against the king. The Movement spread in the nook and corner of the entire Dhenkanal Gadjat as well as in other parts of Odisha. Subsequently, he became one of the Vice Presidents of the All India Prajamandal Committee.
• He had an active political career. In 1946, he was elected to the Provincial Legislative Council of Odisha (1946-1949) from Tirtol–Erasama constituency and India’s Provincial Parliament where he presented strong arguments in favour of the merger of all Princely States with Odisha and demanded a responsible Government in all Princely States.
• After independence, he resigned from the Congress Party to join the Socialist Party and was an active participant in the All-Orissa State’s People’s Movement. He was also the Chairman of the Socialist Party (Utkal, 1951-1952) as well as the Deputy Leader of the Praja Socialist Party (1952-1953). In the year 1951, he was elected Member of Parliament to Lok Sabha from Dhenkanal-west-Cuttack Joint Parliamentary Constituency.
• He worked tirelessly for the upliftment of tribal groups and lower caste communities. He also served as a member of the Standing Committee of the All-India State’s People’s Conference (1939-1943) and a member of the All-India Congress Committee (1939-1945). He was elected President of Orissa and Central Provinces States Regional Council (1946-1947).
• Sarangadhar Das regularly wrote about various struggles of the masses in the journal ‘Krushak’. Two of his published Works include ‘The Development of Sugar Industry in India’ and ‘Bikaner – A Political & Economic Survey’.
• Text : Referenced from content provided by Proponent.

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Issued by India

Issued on Jan 23, 2023

Issued for : Department of Posts is pleased to issue a Commemorative Postage Stamp on Major Durga Mall who fought against the British for India’s freedom and for the pride of the country.

Credits :
Stamp/FDC/Brochure : Ms. Neetu Arora
Cancellation Cachet : Smt. Nenu Gupta

Type : Stamp, Mint Condition

Colour : Multi Colour

Denomination : 500 Paise

Stamps Printed : 302850

Printing Process : Wet Offset

Printer : Security Printing Press, Hyderabad

Name : Durga Mall

Born on Jul 1, 1913 at Dehradun, British India

Died on Aug 25, 1944 at Delhi, British India

About : 

• Major Durga Mall was born on 01/07/1913 in Doiwala, Dehradun, Uttar Pradesh, now (Uttarakhand). His father was Shri Ganga Ram Mall and mother Smt. Parvati Devi Mall. Durga Mall was the eldest son among all the siblings. His siblings were Laxman Mall, Padma Mall, Prem Mall and sisters Janaki Devi, Rama Devi and Shyama.
• Since childhood, he was a person of different nature. In 1930, when he was a student of ninth grade, he jumped into the freedom movement. When the Salt Satyagraha movement started, Durga Mall also started participating openly in local public meetings and demonstrations. Consequently, his father left him at his uncle’s house in ‘Bhagsu’ Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh.
• On 26 January 1931, at the age of 18 years, Durga Mall joined the 2/1 Gorkha Rifles, Dharamshala Cantonment. Due to Durga Mall’s educated and calm nature, he earned everyone’s praises. He soon started the army’s training and acquired distinction. He was also admired as a football player. Apart from this he was also greatly influenced by plays and poems, and himself wrote some poems. He had a strong desire to remove backwardness in the society.
• In September 1939, Germany attacked Poland and Britain and France announced to help Poland. On September 03, 1939, World War II started. The Japanese had also announced the invasion in 1941 from the east. Durga Mall got a call from the battalion and 2/1 Gorkha battalion reached ‘Malaya’ and joined the battle. The Japanese captured Singapore in 1942 by defeating the British. Three major Gorkha Rifles 2/1, 2/2 and 2/9 Gorkha battalion under the British also participated in this war. Many of their soldiers were taken prisoner by the Japanese during the war.
• Azad Hind Fauj was formed in 1942 by Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose. The main task of volunteering the captive soldiers was given to Durga Mall and Asman Singh under the leadership of Poorna Singh Thakur, Rash Behari Bose and the supreme commander of Azad Hind Fauj, Captain General Mohan Singh.
• Azad Hind Fauj honoured Durga Mall with the title of Major due to Durga Mall’s efficiency and delivery of secret information. After reaching Singapore on 13 July 1943, Netaji declared war on Britain and the United States on 25 October 1943. Major Durga Mall was handed over the intelligence department because of his efficiency. He kept collecting secret information and sending it to the headquarters of Azad Hind Fauj in Rangoon. Taking advantage of this information the soldiers of Azad Hind Fauj kept moving forward in the war.
• On March 27, 1944, Durga Mall was taken prisoner by the British soldiers in Mashipur ‘Akhrul’ near Kohima. He was kept in the prison house of the Delhi Red Fort as a prisoner of war and was prosecuted in a military court under section 41 of the Indian Military Act and Act 121 of the Indian Penal Code. He was sentenced to death by the British Raj.
• Before his death sentence, his wife Mrs. Sharda Mall was called for his last darshan because the British government hoped that after meeting his wife he might beg her forgiveness. Durga Mall was sitting on the throne of his room, where he was reciting Gita, and Mrs. Sharda Mall fainted after seeing her husband. He brought his wife back to her senses and said: “I am sacrificing my life for the freedom of Mother India, don’t be sad. I don’t want to see you sad, what if I am not there, crores of sons of the country are with you.”
• On August 15, 1944, Veer Durga Mall was brought from Red Fort Jail to Delhi Central Jail. After 10 days, on August 25, 1944, this brave fighter, Durga Mall embraced the gallows and got his name written forever in the pages of history as ‘Amar Shaheed’.
• Text : Based on information received from the proponent.

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Issued by India

Issued on Dec 13, 2022

Issued for : Department of Posts is pleased to issue a Commemorative Postage Stamp on 150^th Birth Anniversary of Sri Aurobindo and salutes his contribution to the spiritual upliftment of millions in India and abroad.

Credits :
Souvenir Sheet/FDC/Brochure : Sh. Suresh Kumar
Cancellation Cachet : Smt. Nenu Gupta

Type : Stamp, Mint Condition

Colour : Multi Colour

Denomination : 15000 Paise

Stamps Printed : 1.11 lakh

Printing Process : Wet Offset

Printer : Security Printing Press, Hyderabad

Name : Aurobindo Ghose

Born on Aug 15, 1872 at Kolkata, West Bengal, India

Died on Dec 5, 1950 at Pondicherry, French India [now Puducherry City, Puducherry, India]

About : 

• In India, spirituality and religion are part of people’s everyday life. Since ancient times, the Rishis & Munis of India preferred to attain spiritual pursuits rather than materialistic pursuits of life. Hence, spiritual wisdom gained an upper hand over materialistic prosperity. Since ages, spiritual seekers from India have shown the world, the higher path of living.
• Sri Aurobindo was born in Calcutta on 15^th August 1872. At the age of seven he was sent to England for education. There he studied at St. Paul’s School, London, and at King’s College, Cambridge. After return to India in 1893, he worked for the next thirteen years in the Princely State of Baroda in the service of the Maharaja and as a professor in Baroda College. During this period, he also joined a revolutionary society and took a leading role in secret preparations for an uprising against the British Government in India.
• In 1906, soon after the Partition of Bengal, Sri Aurobindo quit his post in Baroda and went to Calcutta, where he soon became one of the leaders of the Nationalist movement. He was the first political leader in India to openly put forward, in his newspaper Bande Mataram, the idea of complete Independence for the country. Prosecuted twice for sedition and once for conspiracy, he was released each time for lack of evidence.
• Sri Aurobindo had begun the practice of Yoga in 1905 in Baroda. In 1910 he withdrew from politics and went to Pondicherry in order to devote himself entirely to his inner spiritual life and work. During his forty years in Pondicherry he evolved a new method of spiritual practice, which he called the Integral Yoga. According to Sri Aurobindo, spiritual realization not only liberates man’s consciousness but also transforms his nature. In 1926, with the help of his spiritual collaborator, the Mother, he founded the Sri Aurobindo Ashram. Among his many writings are The Life Divine, The Synthesis of Yoga and Savitri. Sri Aurobindo left for heavenly abode on 5^th December 1950.
• After the death of Sri Aurobindo, Sri Aurobindo Society was started by the Mother on 19^th September 1960. She was not only the founder and the Executive President but also remains its guiding force. From a very small beginning, over the years, the Society has grown into an international organization working in diverse fields of life, like integral education, Indian culture, emergency response management and sustainable development.
• Sri Aurobindo has been a scholar, a literary critic, a philosopher, a revolutionary, a poet, a yogi and a rishi. He was all these and much more and has touched the souls of millions in India and abroad. Sri Aurobindo has been an inspiration to all those who wants to make this world a better place by making improvements in their inner world.
• India in its 75^th Years of its Independence and as part of Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav celebrations is commemorating the life of spiritual masters whose work and values resonates with the soul of India. Government of India has decided to commemorate 150^th birth anniversary of Sri Aurobindo in befitting manner at national and international level during the period from 15 August 2022 to 15 August 2023.
• Text : Referenced from the contents provided by the proponent.

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Issued by India

Issued on Aug 20, 2022

Issued for : Department of Posts is pleased to issue a Commemorative Postage Stamp on Ondiveeran, the unsung hero of India.

Credits :
Stamp/FDC/Brochure : Ms. Gulistaan
Cancellation Cachet : Smt. Nenu Gupta

Type : Stamp, Mint Condition

Colour : Multi Colour

Denomination : 500 Paise

Stamps Printed : 203700

Printing Process : Wet Offset

Printer : Security Printing Press, Hyderabad

Name : Sankaran Kovil

Born on — at Nerkattumseval, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India

Died on Aug 20, 1771 at Manur, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India

About : 

• Ondiveeran hails from the integrated district of Thirunelveli, heading Pothigai hills ruled by little Kingdom namely Sirulimuthu Pattavarayan and Thiruneelakanda Pagadai. He was the first heroic rebel and commander-in-chief of the India freedom struggle against the British East India Company.
• The legend was born in Sankaran Kovil as eighth family siblings of present Thenkasi district to the father Chellaiyah Pagadai and mother Karuppaiee who commanded the village Nerkattan Sevayal. His childhood name was Muthuveeran.
• After the fall of Madurai Nayakars, due to the maneuver behaviour of the revenue tax collection officers of Arcot Nawab, the family predecessors of Mr. Ondiveeran lost their major part of the wealth in command and also, they lost the power of palayapattu. This act humiliated Ondiveeran. During the year 1775, heir-right war occurred in the Arcot Nawab family. Due to this conflict, the power of revenue collecting rights was acquired by the British East Indian Company again. Ondiveeran rebelled against this act strongly.
• In March 1775, Ondiveeran defeated the army led by Mahfuzkhan, Yusuf Khan, and Colonel Heron in Nerkattan Sevayal. From 1757 to 1759, Ondiveeran led the army vanquished British East Indian Company supports in Gangai Kondan, Alwarkuruchi, Nerkattan Sevayal, Oothumalai, Surandai, and Vasudevanallur. In 1764, Ondiveeran headed battalion conquered Marudhanayagam alias Yusuf Khan in Nerkattan Sevayal.
• In the battle of Vasudevanallur fort siege in 1767 headed by Captain Campbell was defeated by our Legend Battler Ondiveeran. His battalion victory travel extends up to Kalakadu, Srivilliputhur and Thenmalai also. After the bereavement of Puli thevar their sons namely Sivaganapandian, Sithiraputhirathevar and a daughter Gomathi Muthuthalachi were guarded by Ondiveeran. The legendary warrior never rested his sword and resisted against British East Indian Company until his last breath. On 20^th August 1771, near Manur village of Thirunelveli district Ondiveeran was defeated and died during the battle with British East Indian Company.
• After the death of the great legend warrior, Ondiveeran the defenceless descent followers and arunthathiyar leaders like Panchalangkuruchi Pottipagadai, Sivagangai kuyili, Sangagri Pollan, Madhari played a remarkable role in the army war field of first and second Palayakarar, kattabomman, Velunachiyar, Theeran chinnamalai and Maruthu brothers against British East India Company.
• Text : Referenced from the contents provided by the proponent.

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Issued by India

Issued on Oct 2, 2021

Issued for : Department of Posts is pleased to issue a Commemorative Postage Stamp on Mallappa Dhanshetti, Shrikisan Sarada, Jagannath Shinde and Abdul Rasul Kurban Hussain.

Credits :
Stamp/FDC/Brochure/Cancellation cachet : Smt. Alka Sharma

Type : Stamp, Mint Condition

Colour : Multi Colour

Denomination : 500 Paise

Stamps Printed : 302400

Printing Process : Wet Offset

Printer : Security Printing Press, Hyderabad

About : 

• Mallappa Dhanshetti (1898-1931)
  • Mallappa Dhanshetti was born in 1898. His ability to turn the stick was commendable. Dhanshetti was instrumental in bringing the common people of Solapur to the forefront of the freedom struggle. He was the first to be honoured in the procession of sticks set out during the fair of Shri Siddharmeshwar, it was an inspiration to the Shraddhananda community, Ganeshotsav and processions of Ganpati immersion. Rathyatra taken out by Shubhrai Math on Mahaekadashi saw his active participation in carrying them out peacefully and smoothly.
• Jagannath Shinde (1906-1931)
  • Jagannath Shinde was a person with an indomitable will for independence, perseverance, confidence, fearlessness and zeal for accomplishment. He was born in 1906. He was mainly working in the Railway and Mill Workers Union. He was at the forefront of the labour movement. He worked hard to get more scholarships for the education of poor Maratha children. He had also participated in the Satyashodhak Parishad held in Mumbai.
• Abdul Rasul Kurban Hussain (1910-1931)
  • Abdul Rasul Kurban Hussain was born into a family of frame makers. Lokmanya Tilak and Mahatma Gandhi were his inspiration. He was committed to the five principles: freedom, swadeshi, equality, socialism and Hindu-Muslim unity. He participated in rallies, marches and processions under the leadership of Dr. K. V. Antrolikars, his zeal for Hindu-Muslim unity was evident in his writings and speeches. Abdul Rasul Kurban Hussain was an iconic symbol of how a patriotic Muslim should be.
• Shrikisan Sarada (1893-1931)
  • Shrikisan Sarada was a proud public figure, a person who generously helped in religious activities. He was born in 1893. His grandfather Govindrao Sarada came to Solapur for trade and settled there. On May 4, 1930, the British government arrested Mahatma Gandhi from Surat and he was sent to Yerawada Jail in Pune. As soon as the news of Gandhiji’s arrest was reported in the newspapers on May 5, the people staged a strike, a procession and a public meeting to protest against the government. On May 7, 18,000 mill workers went on strike. The people of Solapur staged a huge protest procession.
• As the procession approached the Bali gate, a crowd in the procession went to the Rupabhavani temple. There they peacefully cut down shindi trees and symbolically protested against the British government. At that time, the British police inhumanely beat eight members of the crowd and threw them into a police vehicle. Collector Knight and D.S.P. Flair got there. Collector Knight pulled out a pistol and go out of the car. As soon as Mallappa Dhanshetti realized this, he rushed there and calmed the crowd for a while and saved their lives. A request to release the eight people who were arrested by the police at that time was raised.
• While the discussion was going on, Shankar Shivdare, an 18 years old boy, approached the Collector with a tricolor flag in his hand. He was shot dead by a sergeant near the Collector. The crowd dispersed. The frightened Collector Knight picked up the names of the eight and released them. However, three more people were killed in the indiscriminate firing by the police and the crowd dispersed and marched on the nearby Peth police station on Tuesday. The police post was set on fire.
• Mallappa Dhanshetti, outraged by the conservative remarks about the citizens, ran over the Collector and grabbed a chair to kill him. So Collector Knight was holding a duke on them. As Shrikisan Sarada, a friend of Mallappa Dhanshetti, was financing the freedom movement, Collector Knight was furious with Sarada. All the youths were behind Jagannath Shinde who was a great organizer. Shinde’s involvement in the freedom movement was very much in the eyes of Collector Knight. Abdul Rasul Kurban Hussain was using the labour movement to fight for independence. Hindu-Muslim unity was being brought about through his weekly ‘Gajanfar’. The leases of the British monarchy were being removed. That is why Abdul Rasul Kurban Hussain was on the radar of Collector Knight. He planned to teach all four of them a lesson.
• Collector Knight deliberately fabricated evidence against Dhanshetti, Shinde, Sarada and Kurban Hussain in connection with the deaths of two policemen in an unidentified mob attack. Twelve false witnesses stood. During the trial, Judge Wadia did not allow the accused party to cross-examine the witnesses and did not allow any of the accused to cross-examine the witnesses. The lawsuit was just farce.
• It was decided to execute all the four. On June 6, 1930 all four were sentenced to death. The case was settled within a month of the incident. A week before the verdict was announced, Collector Knight had written a letter to his superiors seeking permission to hang the accused in a public place to intimidate the citizens. The four patriots were hanged on January 12, 1931. It was first day of the local fair of Siddharameshwar Temple. The British administration chose the day with a vicious intention of insulting the local people and making them learn a lasting lesson.
• It is a fact that India acquired freedom by virtue of the sacrifices of thousands of those revolutionaries.
• Text : Based on information received from the proponent.

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